PATH 3000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Leydig Cell Tumour, Male Reproductive System, Vas Deferens

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peardeer633

23 Mar 2020

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Path 3000 lecture 19 march 2, 2020 male reproductive system pathology. Normal male reproductive system: the male reproductive system comprises the testes, epididymis and vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and penis. The testes, the male gonad, has endocrine functions. In the stroma tissues, there are groups of large pink eosinophilic leydig cells, which are sensitive to hormone from the pituitary and makes androgens (male hormones). There are two types of pituitary hormones, fsh and lh. Fsh will work together with testosterone to stimulate spermatogenesis. Lh stimulates leydig cells to secrete androgens, which have a negative feedback to hypothalamus to maintain a normal level of androgens and testosterone being synthesized. Cryptorchidism (congenital malpositioning of testis outside of their normal scrotal location) Infertility can result if both testes are cryptorchid. Cryptochid testes have a 10-fold greater risk of undergoing malignant transformation than do normal testes. During pregnancy, the gonad migrates downwards when the baby reaches the 3rd month of gestation.

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Identify the organ that corresponds with each of the following functions-1) Organ that allows the male to pass urine and semen leave the from his body; organ that enters the female's body during sexual intercourse.-2) Passage way through which urine and semen leave the penis.-3) Glands that produce sperm and the male sex hormone (testosterone)-4) Muscular sac where urine is stored.-5) Pouch of skin that holds the testes and controls temperature for sperm production.-6) The head or end of the penis: filled with highly sensitive nerve endings; particularly sensitive to stimulation.-7) Passageway for the sperm- 8) Coiled tube system in which sperm mature. A) Scrotum B) Urethra C) Bladder C) Vas deferens D) penis E) Testis F) Epididymis G) Seminal vesicle H) Prostate gland I) Cowper's gland J) Glans penis

rubysalmon267

Please help me answer this multiple choice questions: (please answer all questions)

No explantion needed just the answer needed.

physiology and neurobiology questions below.

31. Systemic arterioles dilate in response to _____.

A. Increased CO2 levels in the tissue

B. Decreased O2 levels in the tissue

C. Decreased pH in the tissues

D. All of the above

32. Blood in the pulmonary arteries ______

A. Contains hemoglobin which is about 98.5% saturated with oxygen

B. Has a PO2 of about 40 mmHg

C. Both of the above

D. Neither of the above

33. Completion of first meiotic division of oogenesis yields.

A. One secondary oocyte

B. Four primary oocyte

C. Four mature ova (egg cells)

D. Four secondary oocytes

34. The final absorbable products of chemical digestion occurring in the brush border of the small

intestine include:

A. Monosaccharides and amino acids

B. Proteins and chylomicrons

C. Disaccharides and amino acids

D. Monosaccharides and disaccharides

35. The hemoglobin oxygen curve saturation curve plots ____ on the dependent (Y) axis and ____

on the independent (X) axis.

A. Oxygen concentration; hemoglobin concentration

B. % oxygen saturation of hemoglobin; PO2 of blood

C. % oxygen saturation of hemoglobin; PCO2 of blood

D. Hemoglobin concentration; oxygen concentration

36. In contrast to the female hypothalamic pituitary-sex steroid axis, control of the male axis is

aimed at ____.

A. Allowing spermatogenesis to occur just once a month

B. Keeping levels of pituitary gonadotropins relatively constant in blood

C. Keeping levels of hypothalamic releasing hormones higher than usual in blood

D. Causing a positive feedback effect of sex steroid up on gonadotropins

37. Which of the following will correct acidosis?

A. Speed up the proton pump

B. Buffering of protons with phosphate in the tubular lumen

C. Renal metabolism of glutamine

D. All of the above

38. Epithelium with a brush border (microvilli) is characteristics of the mucosa found in

A. Duodenum

B. Proximal Tubule

C. Both of the above

D. Neither of the above

39. The transport maximum (Tm) for glucose, addition filtered glucose

A. Is no longer filtered

B. Appears in urine

C. Is secreted

D. Is reabsorbed

40. Stroke volume is equal to ____.

A. End-diastolic volume alone

B. End-diastolic volume plus end-systolic volume

C. Cardiac output minus heart rate

D. End-diastolic volume minus end-systolic volume

41. The long term solution to a change in blood pH involves

A. Digestive System

B. Respiratory System

C. Buffers such as hemoglobin

D. Renal System

42. The left heart receives blood from ___ and pumps blood out through the ____.

A. Superior vena cava; pulmonary trunk

B. Pulmonary veins, pulmonary trunk

C. Pulmonary veins; aorta

D. Pulmonary arteries; aorta

43. Selection and activation of specific B lymphocytes may lead to all EXCEPT_____.

A. Formation of memory cells

B. Secretions of antibodies

C. Activation of complements to destroy tagged antigen

D. Secretion of perforin

44. Bile is stored and released into the duodenum from the

A. Liver

B. Pancreas

C. Gall Bladder

D. Duodenum

45. Beta oxidation of fatty acids yields _____,which then can be further oxidized to produces ATP.

A. Glycogen

B. Amino acids

C. Keto acids

D. Acetyl CoA

46. The relationship between the loop of Henle and the vasa recta capillaries function.

A. Absorption of glucose, amino acids and creatinine

B. Countercurrent exchange

C. Countercurrent multiplication

D. All of the above

47. Anterior pituitary production of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is decreased by

A. Testosterone from Sertoli cells

B. Inhibin from Sertoli cells

C. Inhibin from interstitial (Leydig) cells

D. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) from granulosa cells

48. A response to acidosis would involve

A. Slowing down the proton pump

B. Greatly increased excretion of HCO3- (bicarbonate ions)

C. Both of the above

D. Neither of the above

49. The conversion of spermatid to spermatozoa occurs

A. By differentiation process in the seminiferous tubule

B. In epididymis

C. By meiosis, in the seminiferous tubule

D. In the prostate gland

50. Antibody-mediated immunity defends against ____.

A. Virus infected cells

B. Viruses and bacteria in the blood or body fluids

C. Bacteria only

D. Viruses only

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PATH 3000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Leydig Cell Tumour, Male Reproductive System, Vas Deferens

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