PSYO 2470 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Ectoderm, Endoderm, Neural Tube
13 Apr 2018
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Three distinct layers: endoderm: visceral organs, mesoderm: bones and muscle, ectoderm: nervous system and skin. *what happens in early development, is separation and differentiation of these 3 layers, where the ectoderm is the most outer layer, mesoderm in the middle and endoderm is the most inner layer. Key events: formation of the neural groove, the start of the metamorphosis, neural folds come to together forming a neural tube with the neural groove, somites start to develop. Disorder of neural tube development: anencephaly: closing failure of the neural tube of both the rostral or caudal end, spina bifida: impaired closing of neural tube on the caudal end. *the entire brain derives from 3 vesicles: prosencephalon: becomes the forebrain, mesencephalon: becomes the midbrain, rhombencephalin: becomes the hindbrain. The prosencephalon develops into the diencephalon and the two brain hemispheres. The midbrain and hindbrain (in human) start to get rigid (development of sulci and gyri).
