PSYO 2160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Nmda Receptor Antagonist, Nmda Receptor, Cultural Learning
3 May 2018
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Cultural Transmission (Chapter 6)
September 23 & 25, 2015
Cultural Transmission – another way for behaviour to be transmitted across
generations
• Information or behaviour (shared by a population) which is acquired from
conspecifics through some form of social learning
Cultural Transmission is NOT:
• Local enhancement
• Social facilitation
Individual vs Social Learning:
• Individual learning is a relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result
of experience
• Social learning is process of learning by watching others
*Traits culturally transmitted in every population , but populations differ from one
another in which traits are transmitted
Social Learning
Observational
• Ex. Bobo the Clown
Imitation
• New behaviour learned from others, and that behaviour must involve some
sort of new spatial manipulation as well as lead to the achievement of some
goal
• Molenberghs (2009)
o Review of fMRI studies assessing function of frontal and parietal
regions in imitation
o Mirror neurons in F5 part of monkey brain
Copying
• Observer repeats what is has seen a model do, often rewarded (extrinsic or
intrinsic)
• What is copied is not novel, does not require learning new topographical
action
• Kavaliers (1999)
o Naïve mouse observes another mouse burying after being bit by fly
o When observer exposed to fly, buries before it can be bitten
o Blocked NMDA receptor of observer mouse
o Observer did not learn to bury itself – preventing copying
Tradition – preference emerges and then becomes common within a group
Teaching – opportunity teaching VS coaching ***read textbook
*NMDA Antagonist – blocks receptors to impact learning and memory
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Cultural transmission another way for behaviour to be transmitted across. Information or behaviour (shared by a population) which is acquired from conspecifics through some form of social learning generations. Cultural transmission is not: local enhancement, social facilitation. Individual learning is a relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result of experience: social learning is process of learning by watching others. *traits culturally transmitted in every population , but populations differ from one another in which traits are transmitted. Tradition preference emerges and then becomes common within a group: observer did not learn to bury itself preventing copying. Teaching opportunity teaching vs coaching ***read textbook. *nmda antagonist blocks receptors to impact learning and memory. Modes of cultural transmission: vertical, parent to offspring transmission, teaching or social learning, dolphin example, oblique, transfer of information across generations but not via parent/offspring interactions, cook and mineka (1989, horizontal. Cultural transmission can produce maladaptive behaviour as well as adaptive behaviour.
