BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Binomial Nomenclature, Homo Sapiens, Endoplasmic Reticulum

• School: McGill University
• Department: Biology (Sci)
• Course: BIOL 111
• Professor: Irene Gregory- Eaves

Document Summary

Biology lecture 4 phylogeny, origin and diversity of eukaryotes. Two key ideas: binomial nomenclature (two names) Genus species (a group of closely related species) When writing we use italics or underlined: hierarchy kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. Today we use a 3 domain system: bacteria, archaea, eukarya. The position of the branches could be rotated around the node and won"t change the meaning of the tree. Example: bat wing and human arm similar because the bone structure evolved in a common ancestor. Analogy: similarity due to common environment (convergent evolution) Example: bird wing and insect wing similar because each evolved wings from different wingless ancestors to solve the problem of flight. Bird wing and bat wing however are both: the bones are homologous and the wings are analogous. Step 1: get a list of observable traits or characters for each taxon (genetic data)