BIOL 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Epithelium, Sexual Reproduction, Germ Cell

• School: McGill University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 111
• Professor: All

Document Summary

Coral colony, sea fan (gorgonian), coral polyp, sponge. Use pre-formed organic materials as energy and carbon source. Mode of feeding: predators, herbivores, filter feeders, parasites, detritivores, omnivore. Most use internal processes to break down food (as opposed to fungi, which rely on external digestion) Most have an internal gut that is continuous with the outside environment and permits internal digestion of food items. Cells can become specialized to carry out specific functions. Organisms that are one large cells have problems because they have a low surface area to volume ratio: no cell walls, hydrostatic skeleton. Muscles contract against fluid-filled cavity: exoskeleton (exo=external) Non-living covering that does not grow with animals. Invertebrates (non-living tissue, caco3: motile at some life stage. Example: barnacle: diploid somatic (body) cells (2n) Germ cells are haploid: animals are diplontic. Spend the majority of their lives in the diploid phase. Tissues = groups of similar cells organized into a functional unit.