BIOL 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Trofim Lysenko, Base Pair, Ploidy
5 Nov 2015
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Document Summary
What are genes: in the late 1800s, many microscopists observed chromosomes, wilhelm roux proposed that they were the physical substrate for trait inheritance in 1880. Genes are chromosomes/are in chromosomes/are attached to them: a correct number of chromosomes is required for development. Chromosome (basic) chemistry: chromosomes have two ingredients, proteins - varied types, enzymatically active, a boring, repetitive polymer called deoxyribonucleic acid. Franklin and wilkins: first good structural data of dna helical structure based on x-ray diffraction of crystalline. Genes are made of dna: 1. 9 meters of dna must be packaged in a cell nucleus ~10 microns in diameter. Clicker question: each base pair is 320 picometers of length of dna polymer. If each cell in your body contains 2 meters of dna, estimate the size of the human genome in base pairs. 320 pm = 320 x 10-12 meters = 0. 320 x 10-9 meters. 1. 9 meters x 1 base pair/0. 320x10-9 m = 5. 94 x 109 bp = ~6 gbp.
