BIOL 304 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Social Evolution, Kin Selection, Phagocytosis
Document Summary
Social learning instead of individual learning: learn from other individual from imitation Ability to speak language is inherited, but language itself is cultural determined. Enculturated offspring, direct learning and social learning (from other individuals in society and peers) Can be natural selection, or difference in probability in becoming a biological parents or culture parents (dual inheritance) Biased transmission: the environment grow up in have different models. Direct bias, some culture variant is more attractive (prestige, fashion,) Indirect bias: model is considered to be the most successful. Frequency dependent: the majority of models is more acceptable. Guided variation: receive culture phenotype and modify by individual learning (not a exact model) reasoning and trial and error. E. g. external digestion by yeast and bacteria favors fast fermentation-when resource is plenty; phagocytosis and internal digestion favors maximum yield respiration. Intermediate metabolic by-products can be used by other organisms (mutually invasible) Cross-feeding, leads to diverse community (through negative frequency dependent selection/balancing selection)
