LING 331 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Secondary Source, Consonant Cluster, Word Formation
Document Summary
The allophone which belongs to the elsewhere environment is the phoneme. The rules which derive the surface variants are phonetically motivated. Oral vowels cannot be followed by nasal consonants. Assign one violation for every [oral vowel][nasal] sequence. Assign one violation for an input segment whose corresponding output segment has a different specification for nasality. In the analysis above, both /b d/ and /b d/ map to [b d]. Lexicon optimization: if there are several underlying forms u1, u2, , un which map to a surface form m, the one that violates the most important faithfulness constraints the least is the underlying form. Spe and ot provide very different views about the nature of the underlying forms. Spe establishes phonemic categories and derives surface variation from rules. Ot instead, by principle of the rich base, does not constrain the underlying forms at all. Contrast and neutralization of underlying contrasts emerge from the interaction of markedness and faithfulness constraints.
