NUR1 421 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Northern Canada, Food Security, Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array
11 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
NUR1 421 – RESOURCES: SPECIAL POPULATIONS
Lesson 9 ~ March 16th, 2018
ANNOUNCEMENTS
- Online course material available
o To make up for class missed on Easter Good Friday
- Quiz (Mini-Assignment #4)
o Done individually
o Available on Thursday March 29th, due before Friday March 30th at 17h00
o Only one attempt
o Should be fairly easy
- Next Week
o Refugee Health
o Resilience Panel with a few students speaking
- Saturday Morning
o Review will be posted
o Readings will be posted for next week
- Today’s class: Community Development in Action
o Concepts: Advocacy, community development, participation
§ Understanding of these concepts important in CASN Entry to practice in public health
§ Particularly Domain 4 of CASN Public Health
§ Reviewed these concepts in 420 Primary Health Care (last semester course)
o This class will be more theoretical in nature
o Thus, do not need to fill out a population profile
GUEST SPEAKER ~ AMANDA SHEEDY
- Introduction
o Undergraduate degree in Health and Environment
o Second degree in Community Economic Development from Concordia
o Obtained her Master’s in Public Health
o Worked in the food security domain for a number of years
o Started as an activist in community development
§ Worked with issues such as how to educate students on proper recycling in universities
§ Next worked in Community Development and Security in Montreal’s NDG
o Helped to develop Food Secure Canada
§ Community development at a national level
§ Company that is focused on a number of issues, including:
• Children’s Health
• Northern and Indigenous Food Systems
• Community Partnerships
o Currently co-director of MetaLab
§ Doing significant work in Northern Canada, especially Nunavik
§ Part of response team for decreasing tuberculosis (TB) in the north
- Where did Community Development come from?
o Development began post World War II
§ Much of the land was flattened and desolated
§ There was a push to develop infrastructures and re-create society
o La Revolution Tranquille (Quiet Revolution)
§ Prior to the Quiet Revolution in Quebec in the 1960s, much of community development
work was in the realm of the church
§ The church ran soup kitchens, hospitals, clinics, etc.
§ Church was responsible for what is now considered community health and wellness
§ After the revolution, this was moved into the realm of the state
o Cultural Revolution of the 70s
§ Women went back to work through the 1950s to 1970s
§ Prior to this, women did much of the work of looking after their neighbours
§ Women at work did not have time for this anymore
§ Out of this emerged civil society, or the community sector
• Responsible for ensuring that everyone in the community was fed, etc.
- Characteristics of ‘development’
o Focus on immediate problems and needs – downstream
§ Example: Women in the community are hungry and need to be fed
o Charity approach
§ Downstream approach first
o Emphasis on services and agencies
o Focus on the individual
§ Example: That one woman in her home who needs food
o Expert driven
o Often fragmented
§ Systems and support services may not always co-align
§ This is trying to be overcome now in the healthcare system
§ There is a push to integrate services to better serve the communities
- Community Development is:
o A process
o Community members come together
o Take collective action
o Generate solutions to common problems
o This is a shared, collaborative effort
o The overarching goal is community wellbeing – economic, social, environmental, cultural
- Ottawa Charter
o Health Promotion means: Strengthen community action to:
§ Set priorities, make decisions, plan strategies, implement them to achieve better health
• Involve the elders, young, and poor in making decisions
• Needs to be a collaborative effort in order to plan together
§ Empowers communities – ownership and control of their own endeavours and destinies
• Not putting the responsibility of healthcare solely into the hands of the
government or healthcare system
• Main idea: “My health is my responsibility, what am I and my community going
to do about it?”
§ Strengthens public participation in and direction of health matters
o By (Means to do so):
§ Drawing on existing human and material resources
• Look within the community, what are their assets and strengths
§ Enhancing self-help and social support
- Values of Community Development (CD)
o Social justice and equity
§ There is NO excuse in Canada why some people are hungry while others are rich
o Democratic, inclusive
§ Important to call a community meeting to address certain issues
§ Do not just depend on the mayor or those running community organizations
§ Need citizens of all shapes and sizes
o Non-authoritarian – everyone has value and wisdom
§ Open meetings by saying “you all have something to say about this subject”
§ Everyone has something to contribute, even if not an expert
§ Each person has a lived experience, wisdom and knowledge
o Community ownership
§ Tied into notion of empowerment
§ Process, or outcome of a process, is tied into a community
§ Collaborative, shared problem, shared responsibility
o Enhances natural capacities and networks
§ Builds capacity of people to take leadership
§ Focus on teaching and support and networking
o Upstream
- Graphic facilitators (picture may not be included in PowerPoint)
o Main ideas from the image:
o Power matters
§ Health board of Nunavik consists of 95% “white” people
§ Challenge for them to set up meetings with a community who are 95% Inuit
§ Serious power dynamics are present as a result
§ Community members are in a perpetual cycle of colonialism and disempowerment
§ They should be front and center in any initiative or developmental process
o Inquiry as Answer
§ Confront the difference
§ When bringing a community together, there is a lot of varying experiences
§ Methodology of inquiry is brilliant to understand why people think differently
o Relationships
o Seeking multiplicity
§ Community development is based on embracing differences
§ Currently, we are in an age of diversity and multiculturalism
§ Multiplicity is just another way of talking about this same idea
§ Need to actively seek out unique voices and validate these voices
o All the levels all the time
§ Transformation happens at multiple levels in a space
• Individual change
• Relational change
• Community development
§ Community level development is a microcosm of society
§ Have to believe that what happens in these little moments and community meetings will
have a larger impact in society, even at a global level
- Many Frameworks for community development
o Simplest framework:
§ Identify community needs
§ Build Consensus
§ Take Action
§ Reflect and Adapt
o More complex framework: Ontario Health Communities Coalition’s 10 steps
- Inuit Engagement on Early Learning and Childcare
o Amanda facilitated six engagement sessions
§ Four in Northern Canada
§ Two in Urban Centers
o Explored what Inuit want in terms of community development, early learning and childcare
o Talked with women who had been working their whole lives in this area
Document Summary
Online course material available: to make up for class missed on easter good friday. Quiz (mini-assignment #4: done individually, available on thursday march 29th, due before friday march 30th at 17h00, only one attempt, should be fairly easy. Next week: refugee health, resilience panel with a few students speaking. Saturday morning: review will be posted, readings will be posted for next week. Today"s class: community development in action: concepts: advocacy, community development, participation. Understanding of these concepts important in casn entry to practice in public health. Particularly domain 4 of casn public health. Reviewed these concepts in 420 primary health care (last semester course: this class will be more theoretical in nature, thus, do not need to fill out a population profile. Worked with issues such as how to educate students on proper recycling in universities. Next worked in community development and security in montreal"s ndg: helped to develop food secure canada.
