POLI 340 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Arabian Peninsula, Religious Pluralism, Sharia
20 Jan 2016
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Document Summary
The prophet muhammad born in 570 in mecca, a member of the. In muslim belief, muhammad was commanded by the angel gabriel to recite the word of god in 610: later collected to form the quran. First believers were members of the prophet"s family and clan. Political and military warfare with opponents, capturing mecca in 630. Gradual expansion of control over arabian peninsula. Social reform: emphasis on justice, community, spiritual equality of believers social responsibility, ended infanticide, improved status of women. Religious practice five pillars of islam : testimony of faith, prayer five times per day, fasting during the day (lunar) month of ramadan, zakat for the poor (giving money to the poor, the pilgrimage to mecca. In 632, prophet died, leaving no obvious successor. Some supported the claim of ali muhammad"s cousin and son in law. Ultimately abu bakr, the prophet"s father in law was chosen as khaliah. Under abu bakr (632-634) the territory under islamic control was consolidated.
