POLI 340 Lecture 4: Lecture 4
20 Jan 2016
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Document Summary
Ottoman tanzimat reorganizations the artillery to kill them all: tried to modernize egypt, imperial decrees in 1839/1856, ottoman constitutions 1876, reforms in human rights, justice, taxation, legal codes, land tenure, military recruitment, education, economic policies. Generally unsuccessful because of: european interest in weak middle east, nature of capitalist penetration, costs of modernization, uneven local support for reform. Islamic conservatism: sultan abd al-hamid ii (1878-1909) sultan of ottoman empire we shouldn"t be going the way of europe we should be reforming back to the way the ottoman empire used to be conservative . Nationalist responses: local ethnic nationalism, ottoman nationalism (young ottomans, turkish nationalism (young turks) Turkification policies uniting the ottoman empire by a sense of turkish identity. In turn, spur growth of arab nationalism, fanned ethnic centers in balkans. Ottoman empire sides with germany and austria against britain, france and. Local ethnic nationalist looking to the allies for support. Negotiations between the hashemite governor of mecca and medina (sharif.
