PSYC 212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Phonation, Phoneme, Trachea
7 Mar 2018
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*speech = important for humans but speech perception is challenge for auditory system. Unit of sound that distinguishes 1 word from another in a particular language. Ex: kill vs kiss = l vs s phoneme at end of word. Estimation= ~ 5000 languages spoken today using > 850 diff speech sounds/phonemes. Ex: english uses only ~ 40 phonemes so difficult for auditory system. * to solve confusion differences b/w sound & spelling [spell vs pronounce] So use international phonetic alphabet ipa to identify possible phonemes. Diaphragm pushes air out of lungs, through the trachea, up to the larynx. Process through which vocal folds [vocal cords] are made to vibrate when air. Pushes out of lungs so make sound when vibrate. At larynx = air must pass through 2 vocal folds/vocal cords: more tension = will cause. More high-pitched sounds: small vocal folds = will cause more high-pitched voices. *so children have higher pitch voices < women < men.
