SOCI 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Canadian Indian Residential School System, International Humanitarian Law, Capital Formation
6 Nov 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Social movements - part 1
Reparation programs
Measures taken by the state to redress gross and systematic violations
of human rights or humanitarian law through some form of
compensation or restitutions to the victims
Residential schools in Canada
○
Japanese internment in Canada
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Slavery in the Unites States (Conley excerpt)
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•
Indian residential schools
Aggressive assimilation
Mold native children into English culture and Christianity and
eventually eliminate traces of first nations traditions and lifestyles
from first nations people
○
•
Life was severe
Punished for speaking any language other than English
○
•
Children were removed from their homes and forced to go to these
schools
•
Types of compensation
Common Experience Payment (CEP)
$10,000 payment for their first year and then $3,000 for
every subsequent year
§
Average payment was $20,457
§
Any remaining funds goes to organizations
§
○
Independent Assessment Process (IAP)
Addressing sexual and physical abuse
§
If student claimed CEP, they can apply for this
§
Average payment was ~$112,000
§
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•
Japanese internment
Landscapes of Injustice
•
1942 - government took Japanese out of their homes
•
1943 - government began to sell of properties it had seized
Even though it was promised that the Japanese would get their
properties back
○
•
Average payment was $21,000
Proven to not be enough to buy home, or any other properties
back
○
•
Slavery
40 Acres and a Mule
Giving former slaves the tools to independently farm
○
•
Group that has been deprived of capital•
We need to take into account the wealth gap taken into violation of
human rights
•
Long term intergenerational wealth gap•
Net worth: wealth, equity, assets
Typical white family: 7 times greater than non-white families
○
Typical white families making less than $15,000: $10,000 , black:
$0
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Typical white middle-class families: $80,000, black: half
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•
To close the wealth gap, each white family would have to give $13,000
of their personal wealth to black families
•
Key problem in all 3 examples: equity inequity
Social movements
Sustained challenges to existing holders of power in the name of a
wronged population
•
Five main elements (Tilly)
Sustained challenge
Repeated action challenging those in power over a single
issue over time
§
Recurrence demonstrates the movement is committed to
the change
§
1.
Challenge power holders
Laws and policies that are creating a socially unequal
situation
§
2.
Wronged population
Broader population is sympathetic
§
3.
Unauthorized actions
Activities that disrupt daily routines in order to obtain
public attention
§
4.
Worthiness, unity, numbers, commitment (WUNC)
If any factor is absent, the movement will lack strength
§
5.
•
Three main pathways to influence
"cultural" power
We need to have power within the movement to shape the
way people talk about it
§
Starts to change everyday behaviour
§
1.
Disruptive power
The key element
§
We need to make it costly for people, who are with the
status quo, to keep up with their daily lives
§
2.
Organizational power
We need organizations to form concrete interactions
between the people working together
§
3.
•
Social media and movements
What does the current media landscape mean for social movements?•
Easy to connect with people•
Media and social capital decline (Putnam)
Online interactions are unsuitable for social capital
○
Unequal access to internet
○
Social media and internet is more for entertainment rather than
political participation
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•
Social media = social capital decline?
What does this mean for social movements?
○
Turkle (week 8): increases isolation
○
Evidence of potential for social capital formation (Sajuria et. al.,
2015)
Looking at the structures and connections of tweets
Clusters of links between the users□
§
Two different types
Bonding social capital (closure)
Exists in the strong ties of homogeneous groups
®
Social glue
®
Builds rules and norms
®
□
Bridging social capital (brokerage)
Heterogeneous groups
®
Bridging among different units
®
□
§
We need both, turns "I" into a "we"
§
Theoretically, social media can create social capital
§
In twitter data, they have evidence of both types
§
Bridging social capital is what people are most worried
about
§
There is no pre existing why online interactions cannot
create social capital because there is evidence in which it
would facilitate it
§
○
•
Does it actually help or hinder social movements in real life?
TED talk by Zeynep Tufekci
Think through her argument in reference to Occupy, civil
rights movement and Greenpeace
§
Link back elements of successful social movements
§
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•
Lecture 24
Tuesday, November 28, 2017
10:06 AM
Document Summary
Measures taken by the state to redress gross and systematic violations of human rights or humanitarian law through some form of compensation or restitutions to the victims. Mold native children into english culture and christianity and eventually eliminate traces of first nations traditions and lifestyles from first nations people. Punished for speaking any language other than english. Children were removed from their homes and forced to go to these schools. ,000 payment for their first year and then ,000 for every subsequent year. If student claimed cep, they can apply for this. 1942 - government took japanese out of their homes. 1943 - government began to sell of properties it had seized. Even though it was promised that the japanese would get their. Even though it was promised that the japanese would get their properties back. Proven to not be enough to buy home, or any other properties back. Giving former slaves the tools to independently farm.
