SOCI 365 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Household Income, Health Promotion, Asthma
5 May 2018
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Lecture 5 - SOCI 365
Types of studies
• Descriptive studies
o John snow = father of epidemiology
o Basic description
o Doesn’t analyze anything
• COPY
Descriptive study
• Distribution of disease and possible determinants of disease in a define population. Identify
changes in morbidity/mortality in time or to compare the incidence or prevalence of disease in
different geographical areas or between groups of individuals with different characteristics.
Generate hypotheses and answer what, who , where and when
Analytical study
• Ecological
• Cohort studies
• Case-control studies
• Search for causes and effects, or the why and the how. Epidemiologists use analytic epidemiology
to quantify the association between exposures and outcomes and to test hypotheses about causal
relationships
• Demographic factors such as age, race, or sex
• Constitutional factor such as blood group or immune status
• Behavior or act such as smoking or haven eaten salsa
• Or circumstance such as living near a topic waste site
Study: the number of fast food outlets, population and population per fast food outlets by the median
weekly income category from the lowest income grouo through to the highest
• When you are a rich neighborhood there will be less fast food than a poor neighborhood. Kind of
answers the question of why poor people eat more fast food.
Experimental study
• Youtube link
• An experimental study is the standard method for evaluating the effectiveness of a health or
meical intervention. In such a study, a group of people will be explosed to an intervention and then
compared with another group (a control group) who have not been exposed, or with a group who
had a different intervention. There are situations in which an experimental approach may not be
feasible, ethical or praxtical, but when possible, well-designed controlled experiments provide
reliable evidence on the effectiveness of interventions and inform the policies and practice of
health promotion
Reading: contemporary epidemiology
• Categories of human differences, macro determinants of health and disease
• Social science vs other disciplines (biology, medicine) in epidemiology?
Youtube - health without wealth
• An Indian girl is going under surgery
• In this rural region of India, most people are subsistence farmers
• 2 year old girl from the rural region needs heart surgery (without surgery she can deal with chronic
illness for the rest of her life)
• Opportunity to go to the city for the treatment she needs
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
John snow = father of epidemiology: basic description, doesn"t analyze anything, copy. Descriptive study: distribution of disease and possible determinants of disease in a define population. Identify changes in morbidity/mortality in time or to compare the incidence or prevalence of disease in different geographical areas or between groups of individuals with different characteristics. Generate hypotheses and answer what, who , where and when. Analytical study: ecological, cohort studies, case-control studies, search for causes and effects, or the why and the how. Kind of answers the question of why poor people eat more fast food. Experimental study: youtube link, an experimental study is the standard method for evaluating the effectiveness of a health or meical intervention. In such a study, a group of people will be explosed to an intervention and then compared with another group (a control group) who have not been exposed, or with a group who had a different intervention.
