ANTHROP 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Vindija Cave, Neanderthal Genome Project, Homo Erectus
14 Nov 2018
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Document Summary
Who were the neanderthals: homo neanderthalensis, two was to spell neanderthal or neandertal, culture was sophisticated, made and wore clothing, advanced tools made of bone and objects as ornaments, 40,000 years ago were killed. First to survive in cold weather revolutionized from homo-erectus. First humans to bury and grace signs with flowers. Lack of chin: occipital bun, projecting midface, 5"5 males 5"2 females, nasal cavity larger for more warming of cold air. Anterior tooth wear: heavy use of teeth for grinding. Hypothesis about neanderthal morphology: adaptation to cold climate=glacial period, cranium reflects= industrial use of teeth, combination of all three. Isolation from gene flow with other contemporaneous populations because of glacial climate. Tools: retouching of tools or resharpening, bows and arrows, bones attached to long sticks, hand axe. Oldest known art: cave paintings in spain, approx. 65,000 years ago: ochre to make impressions on cave walls.
