BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Trisomy, Triple X Syndrome, Xyy Syndrome
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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes
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A population comprised of genetically diverse individuals, will be more likely to survive and successfully reproduce than a population, which is composed of genetically identical individuals. Process called non-disjunction: gametes: some have extra chromosomes while others are missing chromosomes, aka aneuploidy, can happen during meiosis i or ii. Meiosis i: homologous pairs don"t" separate properly. Meiosis ii: sister chromatids don"t separate properly. No crossing over in figure in textbook. Other mistakes involve chromosome structure alterations: look at banding patterns genetic disorders, deletions, duplications (of sex chromosomes eg klinefelter"s, also, crossing over errors may occur. Individuals have too many or too few of specific chromosomes. Examples of trisomy of autosomal chromosomes in humans. Down syndrome: trisomy of chromosome 21, short in stature, special needs. Patau syndrome: trisomy of chromosome 13 ( 47 chromosomes, severally mentally challenged, cleft palate, deaf, malformed organs.