BIOLOGY 2B03 Lecture Notes - Oncogene, Cervical Cancer, Pap Test
11 Jun 2013
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Document Summary
Cancer biology tumorigenesis can stem form errors in signalling pathways and cell cycle regulation mechanisms that we have discussed. Describe the hallmarks/acquired capabilities of cancer cells. Describe the multi-hit model of tumor development. Differentiate between tumor suppressors and oncogenes identify the categories of genetic targets. Can become malignant as they have gained more of the activities typical of cancerous cells. High nucleus/cytoplasm ratio less differentiated than normal cells loss of cell-specific markers invade surrounding tissue. High nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in dark staining tumor cells tumor cells: less differentiated. Characteristics of rapidly growing cells including high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio. Metastasis spread of tumor cells, enter circulatory system. Proliferate and establishment of 2o area of tumour growth. Accumulating many mutations and not undergoing regulated cell death can see melanin in cells that are now in the liver. But one or two processes alone may be affected. Change in the genetic level attributed to cancer.
