BIOLOGY 1M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Sister Chromatids, Spindle Apparatus, Microtubule
Document Summary
Bacterial cell division: ability for a pre-existing cell to give rise to another cell is due to the regulated process of cell division. Synthesis of a new cell membrane and cell wall two halves into identical daughter cells. Binary fission identical daughter cells in prokaryotes, Mitosis: the process of cell division in eukaryotes requires more regulated control as part of a larger cell cycle (vs prokaryotic cell division) Two stages: interphase chromosome is long, thin chromatin fiber. S phase dna synthesis occurs (replication - exact copies of every chromosome are created) G1 & g2 gap growth phases: m phase chromosomes compact, duplicated chromosome separate, mitosis. The length of cell division depends on the type of cell that is dividing. Cells can pause the cell cycle in the g0 phase (somewhere between m and s phase) Pause can be short, long, ranging from days to years. Some cells enter g0 phase permanently (non-dividing cells) Periods of quiescence (undergo no cell division)