CHEM 2OA3 Lecture Notes - Leaving Group, Nucleophile, Weak Base

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Nu- + r-x ----(solvent) nu-r + x- (leaving group: if x- is a weak base, the reaction is favorable, strong base x- is poor leaving group. Stronger acid + stronger base weaker acid + weaker base. Good nucleophile has to be strongly basic and have a good concentrated negative charge: concentrated electron pair. Resonance spreads the negative charge, bad for nucleophilicity: o- is good nucleophile. Chemical reactions occur when there is overlap of orbitals between atoms: anything that blocks them from overlapping hurts the reaction. The o- in ch3ch2ch2o- is a poor nucleophile (hindered) while the o- in. Reactive rates of r-x reactivity: ch2 r-x > chr2x >> cr3x (c in center, with the 4 other things attached to it) Solvation interaction between solute and solvent molecules. Most important thing for solvent is to have something that will solvate the cation and. Not the anion: if you solvate the anion, the reaction slows down.

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