HISTORY 1DD3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Denis Diderot, Anti-Clericalism, Invisible Hand
1 Nov 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Cesare marquis beccaria (1738-1794: on crimes and punishments. Combinations of the new social thought with the anti-clerical streak. Relationship between crime, punishment, and sin (crime was typically punished as a manifestation of sin, he argued that this was wrong) Separation of the church and state (sin is morality and religion, crime is in this world, affecting/hurting other people) Followed locke in that he believed people learned to be criminals, so they can unlearn, punishment should involve rehabilitation so they can go back into the world and improve overall society. Mercantialism: bullion (precious metals) basis of economic wealth, promoted regulation of a nation"s economy by the state at the expense of rival national powers. Trade is regulated, no free trade, restricted trade with foreign powers: smuggling becomes an issue as people try to circumvent the regulations. Adam smith (1723-1790: the wealth of nations. The value added by labour is the real measure of exchange value.
