HTHSCI 1H06 B Lecture 8: Innate Immunity Notes
22 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
INNATE IMMUNITY
UU
what is immunity ?
•lmmunitas (Lahn ):
"
protection from a duty to the state "(ie military service or paying taxes )
•
Marcus Ahnaeus lucahnl →If you can survive one Insult you dbe protected from the next
what is Immunology Today ?
•
Immune system has to protect us from the outside without killing you along the way
•
Immunology :the study of the multilayered "host defence "
system that protects hs against :
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Pathogens
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Tumours
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Toxins
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priors
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Allergens
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MANY other things
he Immune system at a glance 3Levels of Immunity
Intrinsic barley 1
(immediate )VO Infection Intrinsic Barriers
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preformed barries to prevent
invasion
2
innate immunity
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Nonspecific
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Fast
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constant
3
Adaptive Immunity
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very specific
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slow
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improves throughout response
17
resident
defences
intrinsic Barriers
•mechanical
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Expulsive force 1cough /sneezing 1defecation /urination )
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ciliary beating →move mucous to epiglottis where it entry the stomach
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tight junctions in the epithelium
•chemical
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low pH Istomach ,vagina ,sebaceous fatty acids )
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proteolyhu enzymes llysozyme +pepsin in tears +gut )
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bactericidal peptides ldetenslnl ,cryptldns in skin + minions )
•Physiological
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Temperature regulation
•Microbiological
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Comment al Hora compete with pathogens
Resident Defenses 1:complement
•ldett precursor kymogen )proteins throughout the body
•Activated by !
'Antibody -pathogen binding
cleaves complement and activates it
2Luhn -mannose binding
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Recognizes pathogenic manhole ,binds ,cleaves complement + activates it
3pathogens
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enzymes on surface of pathogens ,clean compliments + activates them
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When activated ,CAUH :
'
Inflammation
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Activated complement proteins act on the blood vessel to cause dilation and pevmeabilizahon .
'
,proteins 1antibodies )
and cells (white blood cells )leak Into the Kline to 1911 pathogen that activated the complement
2
Membrane attack complex
-ldett group of complement proteins that lyse bacterial cell ,allowing bacterial DNA tproteins to leak making the
bacteria die
3Opsohnation I"Tagging
")
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Mark pathogen for immune destruction
Resident Defences lli Resident Phagocytes
•ldet ')while blood cells that live in tissues and wait until apathogen arrives
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Consist of macrophages ,dendritic cells ,and neutrophils Inot In healthy tissue )
>
Macrophage phagocytes the pathogen ,then fuse lysosome +phago some to make aphagolysosome
•
Phagolysosome :bacteria mixed in with acids tenzymes generating dead bacteria
