HTHSCI 1H06 Lecture 2: MSK2bonesandjoints
29 Nov 2016
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Epithelium: epidermis (skin), endothelium (blood vessels), synovial membrane. Connective: fascia (divide limbs into compartments), tendon, ligaments, cartilage, blood, bone. Msk system is developed at 5 weeks of embryonic development. 2 places where cartilage becomes bone (ossification) Process finishes at around 20 years old. After ossification, bone is hollowed and replaced by fat, yellow marrow in the diaphysis. In the epiphysis, there is red marrow, site of blood formation, spongy bone. Mesenchymal stem cells will specialize into osteocytes. Mesenchymal stem cells - macrophages - osteoclasts (reabsorb the bone) Osteoporosis: lots of osteoclasts, strength is removed. If calcium is too high in the blood: Stimulates osteoblasts activity which increases calcium deposition in bones (bones store calcium) Calcium levels in blood fall back to normal. Stimulates osteoclastic activity, which stimulates calcium release from bone. Epiphysis: allows synovial membrane to stick and provides shock absorption. Avascular necrosis: getting rid of the blood supply by pressure or fracture.
