HTHSCI 1LL3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Reverse Cholesterol Transport, Dementia, Vitamin K
17 Mar 2017
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Triglycerides: tria(cid:272)ylgly(cid:272)erols or (cid:862)trigly(cid:272)erides(cid:863) are the (cid:373)ajor dietary sour(cid:272)e of fat; they (cid:272)o(cid:374)sist of a gly(cid:272)erol backbone with 3 fatty acids attached, these are hydrolyzed to fatty acids and 2-monoacylglycerol in the small intestine. Lingual and gastric lipases are present but are most active with short and medium chain fatty acids of the type you would find in milk (so more active in infants and young children) Fat-soluble vitamins and cholesterol are packaged in micelles along with tgs to be absorbed through the microvilli of the intestine. (cid:862)mi(cid:272)elles(cid:863) for(cid:373), (cid:449)ith polar heads arou(cid:374)d the outside surrou(cid:374)ding the hydrophobic materials within. Chylomicron assembly: the digested fat moves into the smooth endoplasmic reticulum to be reassembled into triglycerides. In the fed state glucose maintains optimal blood levels and glycogen stores are replenished; any remaining glucose is converted to triglycerides and packaged into vldls with apob-100 for release into the bloodstream.
