HTHSCI 1LL3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Polysome, Lysosome, Start Codon
10 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
The process of translating the language of nucleotides in mrna into the language of amino acids. Mrna is translated 5" to 3" into a protein from the amino (n) terminus to the carboxyl (c) terminus. The start codon is always aug (begin reading after here) A codon is a group of 3 nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid. It is considered degenerate because more than one codon can code for the same amino acid. The code is also unambiguous meaning that each codon only specifies one amino acid. The code is universal - most organisms use the same codons. Mutations can arise as a result of dna damage or incorrect incorporation of bases. Has different effects of the protein depending on the the type of mutation. Mutations can be passed down from generations. Silent- a change that specifies the same amino acid. Missense- a change that specifies a different amino acid.
