HTHSCI 1LL3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Lactose Intolerance, Globin, Water–Electrolyte Imbalance
27 Jul 2018
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Document Summary
Most of our cells contain the same genes but only certain genes are transcribed in the cells of each type of tissue. Differences in gene expression at different life stages. Gene expression is a very complex process in eukaryotes. Advantageous to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes to regulate activity of their genes. Helps cells adapt to changes in the environment; main reason in eukaryotes is cell specialization. Also help saves the cell"s energy as transcription + translation consumes a lot of energy. Genes coding for proteins with the same functions are grouped together under a single promoter operon. All genes are expressed together, either all turn on or off. Genes in an operon are transcribed into a polycistronic mrna, with a start and stop codon for each structural (protein coding) gene. The protein products may all be participants in the same biosynthetic pathway.
