HTHSCI 1LL3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Organic Acid Anhydride, Acetoacetic Acid, Carboxylic Acid

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: HTHSCI 1LL3
• Professor: Teresa Mccurdy

Document Summary

Organic compounds are made up of the atoms: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus. Sulfur is found mostly in protein (which also contains nitrogen). Phosphate group is more important intracellularly in signal transduction. Carbon can make 4 bonds, single or double bonds between the carbons to form the backbone of compounds. There can also be triple bonds but they are not as common. Carbon and hydrogen have very similar electronegativities and thus they share electrons almost equally (both nonpolar). If the compound is a straight chain it is called aliphatic. The ane suffix denotes single bonds, while ene denotes double bonds. Iso is a prefix when 2 carbons are bonded to another carbon, forming a branch which is an isomer of the straight chain compound. The yl implies that it is a group attached to a compound (isopentene if on its own).