HTHSCI 2H03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Loading Dose, Cell Membrane, Acid Dissociation Constant

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Health Sciences
• Course: HTHSCI 2H03
• Professor: Kirsten Culver

Document Summary

Acids and bases: pharmaceutical drugs are very weak acids or bases, acid: compound that produces hydrogen ions by dissociation, ah = non-ionized acid form, a- = ionized/polar acid form. Ah = h20 -> a- + h+ + h20: base: accepts hydrogen ions present in the solution, b = base in non-ionize form, bh+ = base in ionized/polar form. Loading dose: a dose of d(cid:396)ug ad(cid:373)i(cid:374)iste(cid:396)ed to (cid:862)p(cid:396)i(cid:373)e(cid:863) the (cid:271)loodst(cid:396)ea(cid:373) (cid:449)ith a plas(cid:373)a d(cid:396)ug le(cid:448)el sufficient to quickly induce a therapeutic response. Clearance (clr): volume of plasma completely cleared of a drug per unit time. Maintenance: dose of drug administered intermittently to keep plasma drug concentrations within the therapeutic range (always less than the loading dose) Dose interval (t): interval of time between dose administrations. Loading dose: purpose of the loading dose is to produce a rapid and effective therapeutic response. [d] target concentration of drug in plasma = the upper limit of the therapeutic range.