KINESIOL 3U03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sinoatrial Node, Thermoregulation, Aorta

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bluecockroach169

6 Apr 2017

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The aging cardiovascular system: components of the cardiovascular system. Hr x sv = co (volume of blood pumped per beat/per min) *arterial oxygen @ rest = 20ml/100ml of blood. @ exercise = 5ml/100ml: structural changes to heart with age. Increase in left ventricle wall thickness (30% increase: increase in systolic blood pressure (pressure overload, heart has to work harder, increase in end diastolic volume (volume overload) *connective tissue infiltrates heart with age it"s not contractile so it doesn"t help heart beat, just adds to thickness. i. e. thickness doesn"t mean stronger. Increase in thickness of aorta and arterial tree (adds to systolic pressure) Decrease in vasodilatory capacity of arterioles (contributes to pressure overload: functional changes to heart with age. Maximal: decreases around 6. 3% per decade and occurs regardless of fitness. Decrease in sensitivity to beta-adrenergic (catecholamine) stimulation in. Morphological and electrophysical changes in sa node (less efficient at.

Related Questions

Rest activity

min volume 19700ml air/min 43400 ml air /min

breathing rate 13breat/min 21

heartrate 72beats/min 112 beats/min

blood pressure 118/70 158/88

% O2 inhaled air 20.94% (.)2094ml O2/ml air) same

% O2 exhaled air 18.94% (.1894 ml O2/ml air) same

a) claculate Tidal volume [ml air/breath]
b) calculate Oxygen consumption (VO2) [ ml O2 consumed/min] -
c) calculate Oxygen content of arterial blood (CO2a) [ml O2/mlblood] -
d) calculate Oxygen content of venous blood (CO2v) [ml O2/ml blood]-
You need to know that there is 13.3 g hemoglobin/100 ml blood, and1.3
ml O2 binds to each gram of hemoglobin. Assume arterial blood is100%
saturated with oxygen, whereas mixed venous blood is 60%saturated
when the subject is resting.
e) caluclate Cardiac Output (CO) [ ml blood/min ] -
f) caulculate Stroke Volume (SV) [ ml blood/beat] -

g) Tidal volume [ml air/breath]
h) Oxygen consumption (VO2) [ ml O2 consumed/min]
i) Stroke Volume (SV) [ ml blood/beat]
Assume change in stroke volume is the same as the change inpulse
pressure when going from rest to exercise - s
j) Cardiac Output (CO) [ ml blood/min ] -
k) Oxygen content of arterial blood (CO2a) [ml O2/ml blood] = sameas when resting
l) Oxygen content of venous blood (CO2v) [ml O2/ml blood] -

Now answer these questions:

1. By what multiplication factor (e.g. 2 times, 3 times, etc.)did oxygen consumption
increase over resting when the person exercised?
2. a. Did minute volume increase by the same factor that oxygenconsumption
increased? If not, what made up the difference?
b. Did cardiac output increase by the same factor that oxygenconsumption
increased? If not, what made up the difference?
3. What was most responsible for the change in minute volume? i.e.compare the
factorial change in breathing rate with that of tidal volume.
4. What was most responsible for the change in cardiac output? i.e.compare the
factorial change in heart rate with that of stroke volume.
5. Calculate total peripheral resistance during rest and exercise(see pg 21). What
physiological changes led to the change in peripheral resistance?In what part of the
body did they occur, and why is this adaptive?

ivorymuskrat878

KINESIOL 3U03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sinoatrial Node, Thermoregulation, Aorta

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