MEDRADSC 1B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Bronchitis, Pneumothorax, Mycoplasma
28 Jun 2016
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Document Summary
Degenerative changes in the small arteries and arterioles. Elasticity is lost, the walls become thick and hard, and the lumen gradually narrows and may become obstructed. This leads to diffuse ischemia and necrosis in various tissue. Presence of atheromas, plaques consisting thrombi, which form inside the walls of large arteries. Artery has a very rough, elevated surface, with loose pieces of plaque and thrombus, and the openings to branching arteries are blocked. Atheromas form primarily in the large arteries, such as the aorta and iliac arteries, and the carotid arteries, particularly at points of bifurcation, where turbulent blood flow may encourage the development of atheromas. Define and briefly describe the following selected pathologies: Inflammation of alveolar wall and leakage of cells, fibrin, and fluid into alveoli causing consolidation. Rales progressing to absence of breath sounds in affected lobes. Inflammation and purulent exudate in alveoli often arising from prior pooled secretions or irritation.
