MEDRADSC 3J03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Renal Colic, Urinary Retention
29 Jan 2020
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Document Summary
Common causes: congenital, atresia of part of the u. t, acquired, calculi, benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph, tumors prostatitis, neurogenic bladder. Bilateral hydronephrosis: occurs usually when the obstr"n is below the level of the ureters (at or below, bph, tumor urethral obstruction level of bladder) Radiographic appearances: delayed opacification on affected side, nephrogram delayed, filing of collecting system delayed, greatly dilated pelvo-calyceal system and ureter prox to obstruction. Symptoms: lodged in ureter -> may cause partial obstruction, extreme pain in flank, renal colic, hematuria -> stones cause ulceration and bleeding, asymptomatic -> could lead to significant renal damage. Complications: predisposed to bacterial invasion-> uremia-> death, hydronephrosis (dilation of renal pelvis and calyces) -> destruction of the renal parenchyma. Imaged by: ct: uniform attenuation simple cyst, u/s: hypoechoic with through transmission- simple cysts. Trying to rule out: abscess, cystic or necrotic tumour, hemorrhagic cyst.
