NURSING 1I02 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: World Health Organization, Ottawa Charter For Health Promotion, Preventive Healthcare
15 May 2018
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Week 1:
● public health
○ dealing with the protection and improvement of community health by
organized community effort and including preventive medicine and
sanitary and social science
● Epidemiology
○ science that deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of disease
in a population
● population attribute
○ summaries describing characteristics of the population
● biomedical model of health
○ scientific measure of health and regards disease as the human body
having a breakdown due to a biological reason
● behavioural model of health
○ Actions one takes to improve their health (ex. Exercise, coping strategies
etc.)
● population model of health
○ Improve entire populations standard of health, not just individual
● the Lalonde Report
○ New perspective of health 1974
○ identifies two main health-related objectives: the health care system; and
prevention of health problems and promotion of good health
○ "first modern government document in the Western world to acknowledge
that our emphasis upon a biomedical health care system is wrong, and
that we need to look beyond the traditional health care (sick care) system
if we wish to improve the health of the public."
● the Epp Report
○ Achieving health for all: a framework for health promotion
○ This report defined the three "mechanisms" of health promotion as "self-care";
"mutual aid, or the actions people take to help each other cope"; and "healthy
environments"
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● The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
○ 1986 conference was primarily a response to growing expectations for a new public
health movement around the world.
○ Enable, educate, mediate, health inequilities around the world (38 countries with WHO)
○ The fundamental conditions and resources for health
are:peace,shelter,education,food,income,a stable eco-system,sustainable.
resources,social justice, and equity.
○ was developed and adopted by an international conference, jointly
organized by the World Health Organization
● Health Promotion
● health education
● Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
○ empowers Canadians to improve their health. In partnership with
others, its activities focus on preventing disease and injuries,
promoting good physical and mental health, and providing
information to support informed decision making. It values scientific
excellence and provides national leadership in response to public
health threats.
● World Health Organization (WHO)
○ direct international health within the United Nations' system and to lead partners in global
health responses
● population health
○ Health of entire society
● health disparities
○ inequalities that occur in the provision of healthcare and access to healthcare across
different racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
● health inequalities
○ differences in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different
population groups
● health inequities
○ avoidable inequalities in health between groups of people within countries and between
countries. These inequities arise from inequalities within and between societies. Social
and economic conditions and their effects on people’s lives determine their risk of illness
and the actions taken to prevent them becoming ill or treat illness when it occurs.
○ Ex. differences in infant mortality rate between countries
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
