PHILOS 1B03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Human Nature, Negative Liberty, Positive Liberty
9 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Philosophical inquiry has a simultaneously positive and negative interest. Positively: philosophical inquiry is interested in creating concepts in response for problems. Negatively: philosophical inquiry is interested in critically evaluating its created concepts either in theory or as they become practiced. Philosophy is a discipline that criticizes itself and own ideas; philosophers want to identify problems. Power authority legitimacy: who wields ultimate power/authority (monarchy, oligarchy, democracy?) Considers individual beings according to their capacities. Even if someone is very large physically imposing, that person can"t see everything all at once. Intellectual equality: people are endowed with basically same intellectual capacities (ex: desire for food) Security is primary benefit of obedience to a common power and is never secure to us: security of life, liberty, property, and pursuits. Hobbes believes that there"s no wrong doing in nature, but many in humans. Mankind"s nature is fear, insecurity, self-interest etc. We have certain capacities inborn in us.
