POLSCI 2J03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: North Northern Scots, World Intellectual Property Organization, Doha Development Round
18 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Key issues changing institutional structure (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) Barriers to trade: tariffs: tax on a good coming into a country. 1800s-1900s: form of revenue for government, raised funds tax paid by exporter. Main barrier to trade for a long time, lots of effort spent to reduce them: quotas: numerical cap of how much of a product you let into your market. Japanese motorcycles to limit how many could enter the american market. Why exporters agree to quotas: because they don"t want other forms of protection (tariffs) informal agreements, maybe written: subsidies: government giving domestic companies subsidies to compete with imports. No real international agreement on what exactly it is. Eg. since 1980s, trade in softwood lumber between canada and u. s. Both countries have different practices cheaper to cut down trees on canadian crown lands opposed to american private lands lumber companies not being charged a fair rate.
