PSYCH 2B03 Lecture Notes - Epigenome, Twin, Heritability
15 Dec 2013
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Document Summary
Genetics -> lead us to have tendencies of certain kinds of characteristics than others. Shared environment -> experiences shared by a number of people that tend to make them similar in some way (e. g. siblings) Non-shared environment -> (e. g. friends, teachers, activities) different experiences we have uniquely not shared by anyone else, divergent from shared environmental factors. Phenotype -> observable and measurable characteristics (hair colour, eye colour, iq, personality) How are the phenotypes shaped by the genotypes: compare similarity of monozygotic (single fertilized egg that split) and dizygotic twins, monozygotic twins share 100% of genotypes, dizygotic share 50% of their genotypes. If genes are 100% responsible for a trait, then correlation (r) should be 1. 00 for monozygotic twins even if reared together or apart (environment) r = 0. 5 for dizygotic twins. In family studies, siblings are 50% similar to other siblings and parents, 25% with uncles and aunts.
