PSYCH 1F03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Deductive Reasoning, Inductive Reasoning, Intelligence Quotient
Document Summary
Intelligence: the cognitive ability of an individual to learn from experience, reason well, remember important information and cope with the demands of living. Intelligence involves the ability to perform cognitive tasks: the capacity to learn from experience and adapt. Unit 1: problem solving: deductive reasoning, a person works form ideas and general information to arrive at specific conclusion, inductive, moving from specific facts and observations to broader generalizations and theories. Deductive and inductive reasoning guide scientific method: the arch of knowledge involves creating theories and adapting those theories through experimentation, deductive reasoning involves coming to a conclusion based on a given table. Functional fixedness: our difficulty seeing alternative used for common objects. Insight problems: good problem solvers are good noticers. Francis galton: goal to formally quantify intelligence in an unbiased measure, recorded how quickly subjects could respond to sensory motor tasks by their reaction time, equated faster reaction = higher iq. It was unbiased and reliable, but arguably not valid.
