PSYCH 1X03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Edwin Boring, Inductive Reasoning, Deductive Reasoning
5 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
There are many kinds of intelligence: book smart, street smart, and social smart. Edwin boring"s definition fails to capture important cognitive features. Intelligence involves the ability to perform cognitive tasks: the capacity to learn from experience and adapt. Sternberg"s definition: a cognitive ability of an individual to learn from experience, reason well, remember important information, and cope with the demands of daily living. Psychologists are interested in understanding the strategies used to solve problems to gain insight into human intelligence. Deductive and inductive reasoning are used to solve problems. Deductive reasoning occurs when a person works from ideas and general information to arrive at a specific conclusion. Inductive reasoning works the opposite way, moving from specific facts and observations to broader generalizations and theories. Functional fixedness: our difficulty seeing alternative uses for common objects. Reliability: a reliable test produces the same result if one person takes it multiple times.
