PSYCH 1X03 Lecture 5: INTROPSYCH-WEEKLY-TESTS-FALL-2012-3-5-1 (1)
15 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
.INTROPSYCH WEEKLY TESTS FALL 2012
Test 1: Introduction/Levels of Analysis
1. Dr. Banks believes that there may be a physiological problem with John, due to John's
recent, recurring headaches. Which perspective will Dr. Banks most likely use to treat
John's headaches?
A)
Cognitive perspective
B)
Biological perspective
C)
Behaviourist perspective
D)
Developmental perspective
Correct: A biological psychologist is most concerned with the physiological problems
related to the structure and function of the brain.
2. As a cognitive psychologist, you are seeking to understand how older adults remember
differently from younger adults. How do you best approach this problem?
A)
By revising a model of memory functioning after observing the results of
various memory experiments.
B)
By observing what specific brain areas are activated during various memory
experiments.
C)
By comparing different aged individuals of varied cultures to examine
whether the cognitive processes are the same regardless of environment.
D)
By observing the behaviour of adults in natural settings in order to develop a
physical model of memory.
Correct! Research in cognitive psychology functions by developing models about mental
processes through observing how individuals function on tasks used to objectively
measure such processes.
3. Which of the following scenarios is the best demonstration of how habituation would be
used in psychological methodology?
A)
A mouse receives a small shock when he presses a lever in his cage. If, over
time, the frequency with which he presses this lever decreases, it can be
inferred that the mouse has learned to not press the lever.
B)
Mary shows a boy a picture of a smiling face until he gradually gains interest
and then shows him a picture of a frowning face. If he shows no interest in the
frowning face, Mary can infer that he is able to discriminate between the two
facial expressions.
C)
Mary shows a boy a picture of a smiling face until he gradually loses interest
and then shows him a picture of a frowning face. If he shows renewed interest
in the frowning face, Mary can infer that he is able to discriminate between the
two facial expressions.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
D)
A mouse receives a small shock when he presses a lever in his cage. If, over
time, the frequency with which he presses this lever increases, it can be
inferred that the mouse has learned to press the lever.
Correct! Habituation is a form of non-associative learning in which there is a decrease in
response to a given stimulus. It is a principle often utilized in experiments like this one.
4. Which of the following is the most accurate comparison of the social psychology and
neuroscience approaches to alcoholism?
A)
A social psychologist would predict that alcoholism results from having poor
support groups, while a neuroscientist believes that alcoholism is the result of
maladaptive thoughts.
B)
A social psychologist believes that alcoholism is affected by an individuals
relationship with their family, while a neuroscientist believes it is the result of
a glucose deficiency in the brain.
C)
A social psychologist believes that alcoholism starts with social drinking, while
a neuroscientist believes that alcoholism is the result of a genetic
predisposition.
D)
A social psychologist believes that alcoholism is the result of maladaptive
thoughts, while a neuroscientist believes that it is the result of a glucose
deficiency in the brain.
Correct: Social psychologists look at the influence of a group on an individuals
behavior. Neuroscientists are most interested in the physiology of the brain to help
explain behavior.
5. Which is a similarity between developmental and evolutionary psychologists?
A)
Both investigate how the structure of the brain is related to behavior.
B)
Both investigate how behaviours change over time.
C)
Both investigate how cognitive processes develop over time.
D)
Both investigate how behaviours are affected by reproductive pressure.
Correct! Developmental psychologists are concerned with how behaviours change over
an individuals lifespan and evolutionary psychologists are concerned with how
behaviours change over many generations.
6. Which of the following is the best example of the socio-cultural perspective?
A)
Collecting observations on how past workplace experiences and social
outings during one's life have shaped how individuals react differently to
colleagues at work and friends on a night out.
B)
Collecting observations on hormone fluctuations when interacting with
colleagues versus interacting with friends on a night out.
C)
Collecting observations on how individuals attend to information about
people they interact with in work settings compared to social outing settings.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
D)
Collecting observations about how individuals speak to colleagues at work
compared to how they speak to friends on a night out.
Incorrect. This is an example of a developmental perspective, where understanding the
changes and experiences of individuals' lives are used to explain behaviour. The socio-
cultural perspective seeks to understand how our interactions with individuals are a
function of different social groups and cultural perspectives that we are exposed to.
7. Which of the following statements best describes the views presented in the
introductory web module?
A)
Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology lab in North America.
B)
Behaviorists study only overt behavior to understand the human being.
C)
Advanced functional neuroimaging provides strong structural detail of the
brain.
D)
Developmental psychologists study the development of species through
generations.
Correct! Behaviorists traditionally do not acknowledge any other perspectives as being
valid. They believe overt behavior is the only valid means of measure in psychology.
8. A psychologist that measures various aspects of their patients actions, but never uses
any introspective tools would likely be following which tradition?
A)
Dualist
B)
Reductionist
C)
Behaviorist
D)
Structuralist
Correct! Behaviorists like Skinner and Watson argued that psychology had to move away
from introspection and look at only measurable aspects of behavior in order to be
considered a real science.
A is incorrect because: Dualism is based on Descartes' idea that the mind and body are
distinct entities that are causally linked in a dualistic relationship.
D is incorrect because: Structuralists favoured the use of introspection.
9. Which of the following statements accurately describes a level of analysis?
A)
The cognitive approach may consider a person's maladaptive ways of thinking
about their environment.
B)
The environmental approach may consider how a person's positive
interactions with their teacher affect their resiliency to negative events.
C)
The neuroscience approach may consider how drug use affects
neurotransmitter levels in the brain.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
