PSYCH 2AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Trait Theory, Extraversion And Introversion, Psychoanalysis
10 Jan 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Influences on Socio-Emotional Development
Temperament and Attachment
November 15, 2016
- How well we develop emotional bonds with people
Temperament
- Newborns are different – some are relaxed, some cry a lot, some easily irritated
- Inborn predisposition to behave and react in certain ways – precursor for adult personality
- First major classification system (Thomas & Chess, 1977)
o Easy baby
▪ Baby everyone wants
▪ 40% of babies
▪ Approach new events positively – happy to try new food
▪ Dot fuss a lot aout aythig
▪ Predictable sleep and wake cycle
▪ Usually pretty happy
o Difficult baby
▪ 10% babies
▪ Less predictable with sleep and wake cycle
▪ Dot ko he theyll dead food
▪ Cry more than other babies – cry more high-pitched than easy babies
▪ React badly to new things
• Eetually if you keep tryig, theyll like hat youre giig the
o Slow-to-warm up baby
▪ 15% of babies
▪ Aret as egatie, aret as positie – in the middle
▪ Dot see to hae strog reatios to aythig
▪ ‘eatio to e food: dot like it ut aret passionate in their refusal
▪ Whe theyre used to soethig, they get happy aout it
- Environmental influences on temperament
o Inborn but do respond to environmental influences
o Chaotic household might not be as easy going as they should be
o Nature interacts with nurture to change their style
o Parent can have a huge impact on a difficult child
- Thomas and chess classifications fail to describe about 35% of babies
o Come up with a new way of temperament
o Trait-based approach – takes cue from how we describe adult personality
o More oder syste is ased o the Big Fie adult persoality traits
o Theorists have been trying to hypothesize what are some baby traits you see and how
might they be associated ith the ig fie of adults
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
How well we develop emotional bonds with people. Newborns are different some are relaxed, some cry a lot, some easily irritated. Inborn predisposition to behave and react in certain ways precursor for adult personality. Inborn but do respond to environmental influences: chaotic household might not be as easy going as they should be, nature interacts with nurture to change their style, parent can have a huge impact on a difficult child. Infants tendency to move around often: boys are higher than females. Positive emotionality (approach: tendency to move towards rather than away from new people/situations/objects. Negative emotionality: tend to negatively react to thi(cid:374)gs they do(cid:374)(cid:859)t like. Inhibition/anxiety: anxious when presented with new things. Effortful control: k(cid:374)o(cid:449)(cid:374) as (cid:858)task persiste(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:859, very important for overall success, ability to stay focused, manage effort, can manage their emotions and behaviours, marshmallow test. Introversion, openness, neuroticism: low open to experiences. Conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness: conscientiousness: personality trait which forces you to follow through.
