PSYCH 2AP3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Pleiotropy, Neurochemistry, Microbiota
6 Feb 2017
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Up to 25% of asd associated with autoimmune attacks on fetal brain. Saresella et al (2016): compared pro-inflammatory cytokines in asd, health siblings, healthy controls. Elevated blood levels in 33% of autism patients. Synthesis normally down by age 5; in autism, rises to 150^ of normal adult level between ages 2-15 years. More inflammatory cytokines in asd than others. Reduced production of anti-inflammatory cytokine in asd. Altered gi permeability in asd and healthy siblings. High prevalence of gi problems in asd children; gi problems more severe. Adams et al (2011): compared gi flora and status of asd, controls: gi symptoms strongly correlated with asd severity, different levels of some strains of bacteria in asd versus controls. Several replications of these general results (finegold et al, 2010; williams et al, High concordance rates, heritability: mz concordance = 65-75, dz concordance = 3-10, h^2 estimates = 90%+ Associated with genetic conditions: fragile x, pku, congenital rubella, chromosome 15 duplication.
