PSYCH 2B03 Lecture Notes - Humanistic Psychology, Abraham Maslow, Reductionism
14 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Abraham Maslow
May 15, 2018
Humanist Theories
- Focus on meaning of life for individual
- What is life about for you? What are your goals?
- Desire to help person achieve understanding, wholeness, meaning
- Fous o “elf-atualizatio
o Reahig oe’s full potential
o Becoming everything one has the inherit ability to become
- Fous o idiidual’s uiue peeptio of the old
o Humanists are only group of people that take a largely idiographic view of
personality and personality theorists
o Interested in each and every single individual
o Each individual lives in a slightly different world
- Avoid reductionism
o Against the idea of breaking down personality into smaller units
o Holistic - want to see individual as a unified whole
o The whole is much greater than the sum of its parts
- More idiographic than other approaches
Humanistic Principles
1. The pia stud of psholog should e the epeieig peso
a. epeieig peso
b. humanists: we need to focus on humans and the lives they live as they
experience them uniquely – different than anyone else, not animals
2. Choie, eatiit, ad self-ealizatio … ae the oes of the huaisti
pshologist
a. Emphasis on helping people achieve goals
b. Creating a meaning for life
3. Ol pesoall ad soiall sigifiat poles should e studied
a. important principle
b. not widely followed in any science today
c. Huaists: e do’t eed to ko thigs just to ko thigs, e eed to ko
things to help society get better and fix people
4. The ajo oe of psholog is the digit ad ehaeet of people
a. Returned to a renaissance view of the concerns we should have as people
b. Our interest is in people and helping them live fulfilling lives
Istitoid Motiatio
- Human motivation is built in
- Human motives are like animal instincts
- Not dominating, uncontrollable
o Unlike animal instincts
- Can be controlled, repressed
o Aials a’t epess
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- Overlain by learning, cultural expectations, etc.
Maslo’s Hieah of Needs
- Physiological Needs
o We need air, water, food
o First needs, most powerful and strongest
- Safety Needs
o Needs for protection
- Love and Belongingness
- Esteem Needs
- Self-Actualization
- Hierarchy in 3 ways:
o Structured purely biological needs to psychologically needs
o Organized from evolutionary oldest to evolutionary newest
o Personal development
▪ The order in which they develop in our lives
▪ Baby born, starts breathing, need food, need love, 3-5 esteem needs
- Maslow calls them demotives
o These are things that we have to have to function adequately and completely as
a human being
- Overdetermined
o Maslow means is that when we engage in a behaviour, behaviour needs to meet
many of these needs not just one
o We go out with our friends
▪ We feel safe and love and belongingness
The Development of Needs
- Not the case that one need needs to be met fully before reaching the next
- The biological needs are beginning to be met, then we begin to see the emergence to
some degree of the next level and so on
Maslo’s Hieah of Needs
- Safety Needs
o Structure
o Order
o Predictability
- Love and Belongingness
o Humans most social of all animal species
o Always want to be accepted by others and want to be part of a group
o Shows up very early in life
o I just at to e aepted
o Giving love
▪ We need to feel valued by who we are
▪ Equally important is to give love
▪ Ca’t deny opportunity to love others
- Esteem needs
o From others and from self
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