SOCIOL 1A06 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Maria Montessori, Lev Vygotsky, Psychosexual Development
30 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
You may be only one person in the world, but you may also be the world to one person . Three debates: nature vs nurture, active vs passive, universal vs contextual. Major theory groups: biological maturational, environmental learning, universal constructivist, cultural contextual. Ethological perspective: compares humans with other species, biological and evolutionary influences. Environmental-learning: exogenous causes, learning, focus on laws of human behaviour, classic conditioning. An infant progresses from re exive, instinctual action at birth to the beginning of symbolic thought. The infant constructs an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions. The child begins to represent the world with words and images; these words an images re ect increased symbolic thinking and go beyond the connection of sensory information and physical action. The child can now reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different sets. The adolescent reasons in more abstract and logical ways.
