NURS 2004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Vascular Resistance, Beta Blocker, Cardiac Output
31 Mar 2017
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Cardiac preload: pressure in the right side of the heart as blood returns to the heart. Cardiac afterload: the pressure the heart must pump against eject blood (peripheral vascular resistance- pvr) Myocardial contractility/ force of contraction (foc)- starling"s law. Bp= co x pvr (or) foc x pvr (must relate drugs back to this formula) Systolic bp: the pressure within the arterial system when the left ventricle contracts, blood flows into the aorta. Diastolic bp: the pressure in the arterial system when the ventricle relaxes and fills. Bp= co x pvr (hr x sv) x resistance. Sodium intake (fluid shift, water follows sodium, is to iv) High glucose (water comes in to balance it) Foc impacted by hpa (catecholamines increase muscle contractility, more volume increasing foc) Autonomic nervous system: rapid or steady state control, sympathetic activation- increase bp. Renin-angiotensin system: causes vasoconstriction in arteries and veins, retains water in the kidneys (long term stiffness of vessels)
