PSYC 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Blind Experiment, Queen'S Privy Council For Canada, Standard Deviation
27 Jun 2018
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Module 6. what is science?
Scientific thinking
Two core tenets of science
1. There are natural laws that govern the universe
2. Such laws are discoverable and testable
Deductive reasoning: reasoning proceeding from board basic principles applied to specific
situation. Applies general principles to specific cases
Inductive reasoning: reasoning process proceeding from small specific situation to more
general truths. Involves making generalizations from specific observation. Also called
hypothetico-deductive model
Biases: distorted belief based on a person’s subjective sense of reality
Empirical: able to be tested in objective ways
Hypothesis: testable predications within a study. A general statement about the way variables
relate that objectively falsifiable
Theories:
1. Explain a large set of observations
2. Generation testable hypotheses and thus
3. Can be refused or supported
Empirical: Able to be tested in objective ways things people actually do
Theories: ideas about laws that govern phenomena or a big idea
Hypotherico-deductive reasoning
process of modern science where scientists begin with an education guess, about how the
world works, and then set about designing
descriptive: research method used to observe and describe behavior
experimental: to demonstrate a cause and effect relationships the variables
case study: one person is studied in depth
survey: asks people about their behaviors, survey have target groups or population
small controlled observation to supported or invalidate that hypothesis
operation definitions: In psych research variables under-study must be described in concrete
terms “operation”
Module 8, is psychology a science
two types of research methods
descriptive: research methods used to observe and describe behavior experimental: to
demonstrate a course and effect relationship between variables
Case study: someone is studied in depth (one human)
Survey: asks people about their behavior, targets a group or population in mind
Naturalist observation: a study in which you directly observe people in a study behaving as
they normally do.
Experiment: cause and effect of a relationship
Independent variable: manipulated one
Dependent variable: may or may not be affected by the independent variable
Controlled group: group that has not been or will not be exposed to the independent variable
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Two core tenets of science: there are natural laws that govern the universe, such laws are discoverable and testable. Deductive reasoning: reasoning proceeding from board basic principles applied to specific situation. Inductive reasoning: reasoning process proceeding from small specific situation to more general truths. Biases: distorted belief based on a person"s subjective sense of reality. Empirical: able to be tested in objective ways. A general statement about the way variables relate that objectively falsifiable. Theories: explain a large set of observations, generation testable hypotheses and thus, can be refused or supported. Empirical: able to be tested in objective ways things people actually do. Theories: ideas about laws that govern phenomena or a big idea. Module 8, is psychology a science two types of research methods descriptive: research methods used to observe and describe behavior experimental: to demonstrate a course and effect relationship between variables. Case study: someone is studied in depth (one human)
