GPHY 103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Oak Ridges Moraine, Drip Irrigation, Fossil Water
18 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Use cap water instead of directly to the root zone; no evaporation losses and very efficient. Drip irrigation for high value crops e. g. vines, fruit trees. Substitution of surface water (cid:494)saves(cid:495) groundwater that would(cid:495)ve been pumped and is. Case study the oak ridges moraine suburban fringe of toronto, 160km long, composed of glacial gravels and sands: headwaters of 65 river systems, remains and important ecosystem due to extensive forest, wetland and lake groundwater supplies. Substitute renewable surface water (cap) for groundwater thus considered analogous to direct recharge land cover: groundwater flow systems are shallow and strongly linked to surface-water. Many streams depend on groundwater discharge to sustain baseflow most of the year; aquatic ecosystems rely on quality and quantity of groundwater that discharges into the stream: key issues; Drawdown of groundwater due to excessive pumping from thousands of years ago. Age of water being pumped is not recent. Water being mined and is non-renewable (won(cid:495)t be replenished in the moraine)
