HIST 285 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Colonia Del Sacramento, Bourbon Reforms, Alcabala
11 Nov 2016
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Week 9 part i: bourbon and pombaline reforms. Bourbon reforms (spanish america: military, standing armies. Created to also push the limits of the frontiers. Military consisted of salaried individuals and provided with uniforms, weapons, etc. There is a growing number of free people of african descent who are obtaining military positions, allowing them to achieve status and prestige. Military puts a lot of budget into fortifying peripheral areas (i. e. fortress in havana, cuba): fiscal. Alcabala (sales tax): raised from 3% to 5%. Bourbons abolished indigenous peoples being exempt from sales tax. New taxes on certain products (wine, tobacco, vanilla, leather) State monopolies were set up by trading companies for certain products (i. e. tobacco, gun powder, or ice) because monarch wanted to control who produced what and how their prices are regulated. Mestizos were now tributaries and were to annually pay a certain amount: treaty of madrid: 1750.
