PHGY 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Posterior Pituitary, Anterior Pituitary, Tropic Hormone
9 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Pituitary is a small gland located at the base of the brain, connected to hypothalamus by a thin connecting stalk and composed of two anatomically and functionally distinct lobes. Adenohypophysis: anterior pituitary is comp of glandular epithelial tissue. Neurohypophysis: posterior pituitary made of nervous tissue. Anterior and posterior glands release hormones, controlled by hypothalamus. Stores and releases two small peptide hormones. Oxytocin: stim uterine contraction during childbirth and milk ejection during breast- feeding. Cells in hypothalamus prod the hormones (supraoptic for vasopressin and paraventricular for oxytocin) travel down axons and stored in terminal. Makes and releases 6 diff hormones (peptides) not made in hypothalamus. Non tropic hormone: prolactin (prl): directly enhances breast development and milk prod in females. Prolactin will feedback and increase dopamine (inhibitory) Repro: seasonal repro allows for optimal breeding time and sexual behavior. Growth and development: circardian rhythm, 24 hour. Adaptive changes during stress: predator/prey, stress interpreted by vision usually.
