ACS 106 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Vocal Folds, Vocal Tract, Phoneme
3 May 2018
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Wednesday, January 31, 2018
Sounds and Articulation
ACS106!
Categories of Analysis
-The sounds of all languages all fit into one of two classes:!
•Consonants !
-Can be described using the place of articulation, or where in the vocal tract
airflow restriction occurs. !
-Can be “voiced” or “voiceless”!
•Vowels!
Place of Articulation
-The place of articulation is a description of the location of the anatomical features in
the production of sounds. !
Manner of Articulation
-The manner in which the airstream is impacted by various types of constriction at
multiple possible levels, flowing out of the lungs, mouth and nose, resulting in a
particular sound production. !
Voiced and Voiceless
-Voiceless: when the vocal folds are spread apart and air passes between them.!
-Voiced: when the folds are drawn together and vibrate at various frequencies upon
production. !
Stops
-Consonants in which the airstream is completely blocked in the oral cavity for a short
period of time. !
•Bilabial: airstream is stopped through complete closure of the lips. !
•Alveolar: airstream is stopped by the tongue at the alveolar ridge.!
•Velar: complete closure at the velum.!
•Palatal: complete stop closures.!
•Glottal: air is stopped at the glottis.!
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