BLG 601 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Cell Signaling, Electron Microscope, Membrane Transport Protein
Document Summary
Cells produce and receive electrical and chemical signals. Light microscope up to 1000x: what you use in lab at school. Separates intracellular vs. extracellular materials: glycocalyx combinations of carbohydrates and lipids (glycolipids) and proteins (glycoproteins) on outer surface. Produces charge difference (membrane potential) across the membrane by regulating concentrations. Polar heads facing water in the interior and exterior of the cell (hydrophilic: nonpolar tails facing each other on the interior of the membrane (hydrophobic) Fluid nature provides/allows: distribution of molecules within the membrane. Phospholipids reassembled if membrane is damaged: membranes can fuse with each other. Proteins at either inner or outer surfaces: marker molecules: glycoproteins and glycolipids, allow cells to identify one another or other molecules. Integrins integral proteins that attach to extracellular molecule. Sometimes allow communication due to contact with intracellular molecules. Includes channel proteins, carrier proteins, and atp-powered pumps: mediated transport. Involve carrier proteins or channels in the cell membrane.