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BLG 702 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Phagocytosis, Peroxisome, Nucleolus

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tealrabbit922
11 May 2018
School
Ryerson University
Department
Biology
Course
BLG 702
Professor
All

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Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLECHOICE.Choosetheonealternativethatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.
Figure2.1
Usethediagramabovetoanswerthefollowingquestions.
1) Whichletterindicatestheroughendoplasmicreticulum?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
1)
Answer: C
Section: 2.1
BookLO: 2.4
GlobalLO: G1
BloomʹsLevel: Remembering/Understanding
2) Whichletterindicatesthenucleolus?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
2)
Answer: A
Section: 2.1
BookLO: 2.4
GlobalLO: G1
BloomʹsLevel: Remembering/Understanding
1
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3) Whichletterindicatestheplasmamembrane?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
3)
Answer: B
Section: 2.1
BookLO: 2.4
GlobalLO: G1
BloomʹsLevel: Remembering/Understanding
4) Whichletterindicatesthemitochondrion?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
4)
Answer: E
Section: 2.1
BookLO: 2.4
GlobalLO: G1
BloomʹsLevel: Remembering/Understanding
5) WhichletterindicatestheGolgiapparatus?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
5)
Answer: D
Section: 2.1
BookLO: 2.4
GlobalLO: G1
BloomʹsLevel: Remembering/Understanding
2
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Figure2.2
Usethediagramabovetoanswerthefollowingquestions.
6) WhichletterindicatestheDNAmolecule?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
6)
Answer: A
Section: 2.4
BookLO: 2.6
GlobalLO: G1
BloomʹsLevel: Remembering/Understanding
7) Whichletterindicatesthechromatid?
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
7)
Answer: D
Section: 2.4
BookLO: 2.6
GlobalLO: G1
BloomʹsLevel: Remembering/Understanding
3
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Document Summary

Use the diagram above to answer the following questions: which letter indicates the rough endoplasmic reticulum, a, b, c, d, e. Bloom s level: remembering/understanding: which letter indicates the nucleolus, a, b, c, d, e. 1: which letter indicates the plasma membrane, a, b, c, d, e. Bloom s level: remembering/understanding: which letter indicates the mitochondrion, a, b, c, d, e. Bloom s level: remembering/understanding: which letter indicates the golgi apparatus, a, b, c, d, e. Use the diagram above to answer the following questions: which letter indicates the dna molecule, a, b, c, d, e. Bloom s level: remembering/understanding: which letter indicates the chromatid, a, b, c, d, e. 3: which letter indicates a nucleosome, a, b, c, d, e. Bloom s level: remembering/understanding: which letter indicates histones, a, b, c, d, e. Bloom s level: remembering/understanding: which letter indicates the metaphase chromosome, a, b, c, d, e.

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Related Questions

Value: 1

Anabolic pathways of metabolism are pathways that:

a. build complex molecules from simple ones.

b. release stored chemical energy.

c. take place primarily in skeletal muscle

d. make large quantities of ATP.

Value: 2

The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell is referred to as _______________.

Value: 3

Organisms that derive both their energy and carbon from organic compounds are:

a. photoautotrophs.

b. chemoautotrophs.

c. chemoheterotrophs.

d. photoheterotrophs

Value: 4

It is often stated that the phosphate bonds in ATP are "high energy," but in fact, they are not notably high in energy. Rather, they are easy to break, and the ∆G of hydrolysis is a "useful" quantity of energy. What makes the phosphate bonds easy to break?

a. They are close to the destabilizing nitrogenous base adenosine

b. Positive charges on amino groups repel each other.

c. Negative charges on phosphate groups repel each other

d. High acidity attacks bonds between amino acids.

Value: 5

Which of the following describes ATP hydrolysis? Select all that apply

[mark all correct answers]
a. exergonic

b. spontaneous

c. often coupled to a reaction that has a positive ΔG

Value: 6

Which of the following describes catabolic reactions?

a. They are endergonic and have a negative change in free energy

b. They are exergonic and have a negative change in free energy

c. They are exergonic and have a positive change in free energy.

d. They are endergonic and have a positive change in free energy.

Value: 7

Why are cells not infinitely big?

a. Because they wouldn't fit in an organism

b. Because they would have a small surface area:volume ratio and substances would diffuse in and out too slowly

c. Because they would have a large surface area to volume ratio and substances would diffuse in and out too quickly

Value: 9

How is organelle movement around cells controlled?

a. the nucleus directs the movement of organelles in a cell

b. the cytoskeleton is like a monorail that moves organelles in a cell via motor proteins

c. organelles do not move, they have a fixed position in the cell

d. organelles move by facilitated diffusion in the cell

Value: 10

1. Prokaryotic cells lack:

a. a. A nucleus

b. organelles

c. cell membrane

d. DNA

e. A and B

Value: 11

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER)

a. a. Makes cell membranes

b. has ribosomes attached

c. are a site of protein synthesis

d. all of the above

Value: 12

Match the items.

The task is to match the lettered items with the correct numbered items. Appearing below is a list of lettered items. Following that is a list of numbered items. Each numbered item is followed by a drop-down. Select the letter in the drop down that best matches the numbered item with the lettered alternatives.

a. help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles.

b. Takes in molecules in transport vesicles, modifies them, and sends them back out in vesicles

c. makes sugar

d. makes ATP

e. assembles the ribosomes

f. gives the cell structure

g. move material around the cell

1. vesicles

 a b c d e f g

2. cytoskeleton

 a b c d e f g

3. the golgi apparatus

 a b c d e f g

4. lysosomes

 a b c d e f g

5. mitochondrion

 a b c d e f g

6. chloroplast

 a b c d e f g

7. nucleolus

Please choose the best answer in these mcqs:

1. Cells carry out different metabolic reactions, in differentcompartments (= different enclosed organelles of the cell). Whichof the following are the reasons for this?

A) Protect the metabolism from unwanted environmentalfactors

B) Enclosure enables maintaining high concentrations of thecomponents without letting them diffuse away

C) More concentrated substances can react more readily, withincreased efficiency

D) All of the above

E) Only a and b

2.Which of the following developed during the evolution ofeukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

A) DNA

B) the cell membrane

C) nuclear membranes to form nucleus

D) ribosomes

E) proteins

3. Which three cellular components are present in bothprokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A) ribosomes, chloroplasts, mitochondria

B) nucleus, ribosomes, RNA

C) RNA, DNA, ribosomes

D) endoplasmic reticulum, DNA, RNA

E) mitochondria, DNA, RNA

4.Phylogeny is

A) the science of biological classification based onmorphological features of organisms

B) the science of biological classification based on theevolutionary relationships between organisms.

C) the science of biological classification based onreproductive strategies.

D) the branch of science that studies phyllopods.

E) none of the above

5.Which of the following is False regarding mutations?

A) They are small changes in an individual’s geneticmaterial

B) All mutations are bad and cause diseases

C) Mutations that increases the chances of an individualorganism increases the possibility that this mutation is passed onto next generations

D) Mutations that are deleterious (damaging to the organism)tend to end with the organism’s death

6.Which of the following is NOT true about evolution theory?

A) It proceeds through random changes, that affect the abilityof the organism to reproduce and survive under existingenvironmental circumstances

B) Variations in individual organisms is better for survival andadaptation to changes, than being homogenous

C) All the changes in an organism are new, they were notdependent on preexisting features

D) Organisms continue to evolve; evolution has not stopped

7.In thermodynamics, the reaction (or organism or the materialwe are studying) of interest is called:

a) State

b) Universe

c) Matter

d) Energy

1.

__________ are fairly small organelles that provide a safe place within the cell to carry out certain biochemical reactions that generate harmful, highly reactive oxygen species. These chemicals are both generated and broken down in the same location.

Lysosomes
Endosomes
Peroxisomes

Nucleosomes

2.

Biologists cannot possibly study all living species. Instead, they try to understand cell behavior by studying a select subset of them. Which of the following characteristics are useful in an organism chosen for use as a model in laboratory studies?

rapid rate of reproduction
all of the above
ability to grow under controlled conditions

amenability to genetic manipulation

3.

By definition, prokaryotic cells do not possess __________.

ribosomes.
a nucleus.
membrane bilayers.

replication machinery.

4.

Cell biologists employ targeted fluorescent dyes or modified fluorescent proteins in both standard fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy to observe specific details in the cell. Even though fluorescence permits better visualization, the resolving power is essentially the same as that of a standard light microscope because the resolving power of a microscope is limited by the __________ of light.

intensity
absorption
wavelength

filtering

5.

Choose the phrase that best completes this sentence: Microtubules ____________ and are required to pull duplicated chromosomes to opposite poles of dividing cells.

generate contractile forces
can rapidly reorganize
are found in especially large numbers in muscle cells

are intermediate in thickness

6.

Despite the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, prokaryotes have proteins that are distantly related to eukaryotic actin filaments and microtubules. What is likely to be the most ancient function of the cytoskeleton?

cell division
cell motility
vesicle transport

membrane support

7.

DNA and RNA are different types of nucleic acid polymer. Which of the following is true of DNA but not true of RNA?

It contains thymine.
It has 5'-to-3' directionality.
It is single-stranded.

It contains uracil.

8.

Double covalent bonds are both shorter and stronger than single covalent bonds, but they also limit the geometry of the molecule because they ____________________.

prevent additional bonds from being formed with the bonded atoms.
limit the rotation of the bonded atoms.
create a new arrangement of electron shells.

change the reactivity of the bonded atoms.

9.

Drosophila melanogaster is a/an __________. This type of animal is the most abundant of all animal species, making it an appropriate choice as an experimental model.

mammal
amphibian
bird

insect

10.

If the isotope 32S has 16 protons and 16 neutrons, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons will the isotope 35S have, respectively?

16, 19, 17
16, 19, 15
16, 19, 16

16, 20, 15

11.

Living systems are incredibly diverse in size, shape, environment, and behavior. It is estimated that there are between 10 million and 100 million different species. Despite this wide variety of organisms, it remains difficult to define what it means to say something is alive. Which of the following can be described as the smallest living unit?

cell
organelle
protein

DNA

12.

Macromolecules in the cell can often interact transiently as a result of noncovalent interactions. These weak interactions also produce stable, highly specific interactions between molecules. Which of the factors below is the most significant in determining whether the interaction will be transient or stable?

the concentration of each molecule
the size of each molecule
surface complementarity between molecules

the rate of synthesis

13.

Many of the mechanisms that cells use for maintenance and reproduction were first studied at the molecular level in bacteria. Which bacterial species had a central role in advancing the field of molecular biology?

E. coli
S. pombe
C. elegans

D. melanogaster

14.

Many types of cells have stores of lipids in their cytoplasm, usually seen as fat droplets. What is the lipid most commonly found in these droplets?

cholesterol
isoprene
triacylglycerol

palmitic acid

15.

Mitochondria contain their own genome, are able to duplicate, and actually divide on a different time line from the rest of the cell. Nevertheless, mitochondria cannot function for long when isolated from the cell because they are __________________.

anaerobes.
viruses.
parasites.

endosymbionts.

16.

Mitochondria perform cellular respiration, a process that uses oxygen, generates carbon dioxide, and produces chemical energy for the cell. Which answer below indicates a correct pairing of material “burned” and the form of energy produced during cellular respiration?

fat, protein
sugar, fat
sugar, ATP
fat, ADP

17.

Polar covalent bonds are formed when the electrons in the bond are not shared equally between the two nuclei. Which one of these molecules contains polar bonds?

propane
methane
molecular oxygen
water