BUS 221 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Deductive Reasoning
2 Jan 2018
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Inductive arguments are arguments that give premises, sometimes several premises, each of which is expected to provide some support for the conclusion at hand, but which cannot provide guaranteed evidence for the conclusion. A deductive argument, on the other hand, is an argument that if done correctly provides absolutely airtight support for its conclusion. The level of certainty offered by deductive arguments runs both ways. Just as they can provide absolute support, if done well, they can absolutely fail to provide support, if done badly. One important type of deductive argument is composed of categorical arguments. Categorical arguments relate together several categories of things. Some categorical claims pertain to all members of a group; others pertain to only some. Some categorical claims are affirmative, while others are negative. A categorical argument is one that is made up entirely out of categorical statements. counterexample an example of why this structure is faulty propositional arguments.
